The scientific evidence on the silent invasion of synthetic components in the body added a worrying finding. A team of researchers from Chinese universities, including Southern Guangzhou, published in the academic journal Environmental Science and Ecotechnology the discovery of microplastics in human bile.
This fluid, essential for the digestion of fats, was believed to be a transit channel, but is now confirmed as a site of persistent accumulation. The analysis focused on samples taken from patients undergoing gallbladder surgery. The results were decisive: 100% of the subjects had plastic particles in their bile.
However, the levels varied significantly depending on the individual’s clinical condition. Those who suffered from gallstones showed a concentration of 25.89 micrograms per gram, a figure almost four times higher to the 6.98 detected in the control groups without obstructions.
Impact of polymers on digestive health
The identification of these materials was carried out using advanced spectrometry and electron microscopy techniques. The experts found that polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene (PE) predominate. These elements, common in bottles and disposable containers, mostly come in sizes between 20 and 50 microns.
Scientists suggest that the irregular shape of these fragments facilitates their retention in a liquid as dense and lipid as bile. Beyond simple physical presence, the study warns of a damage at the cellular level. Microplastics induce a state of premature aging in bile duct cells, a phenomenon known as cellular senescence.
This degradation occurs due to a dysfunction in the mitochondria, which are responsible for producing energy. When altered, they generate inflammatory processes that could interfere with correct bile fluidity and enhance various liver pathologies.
A relevant aspect of the research is that it proposes biological protection mechanisms. In laboratory tests, it was observed that melatonin could attenuate mitochondrial damage caused by chronic exposure to these nanoplastics.
Although this finding opens a door to future therapies, specialists emphasize that The priority should be to reduce accidental ingestion. Particles enter daily through the consumption of bottled water, processed foods and the inhalation of contaminated air.
The persistence of these materials in the digestive tract poses an unprecedented health challenge for modern medicine. It is imperative to deepen studies on long-term toxicity, since the presence of polymers in bile confirms that no biological barrier is completely impenetrable to environmental pollution.
Key data from biliary research
- Dominant types: PET represented 68% of the findings, while polyethylene reached 27% of the samples.
- Probable origin: Experts link these particles to the wear and tear of food packaging and synthetic microfibers.
- Particle morphology: Rod shapes, spheres and irregular fragments that promote cholesterol aggregation were detected.
- Biological consequence: Sustained accumulation generates an increase in reactive oxygen species, damaging tissue DNA.
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